HFSX is a file system developed by Apple Inc. to replace the HFS (Hierarchical File System), which is the main file system used in Mac computers and various other PCs. The iPod digital media player also uses this file system.
HFSX file system is another version of HFS Plus. They are almost similar to HFS+ volumes, except that the HFS Wrapper, typical of HFS Plus volumes, will never surround them and they support case sensitivity for the names given to all the files and folders. These volumes are easily recognized by a value of HX in the signature field with two entries in the Volume Header.
In the HFSX file system, all the volumes are divided into sectors, i.e., logical blocks, with a size of each block being 512 bytes. These sectors are again grouped into allocation blocks that comprise one or more sectors. In HFSX, the number of allocation blocks depends on the total size of the partition. In HFSX, address allocation blocks use a larger value compared to HFS, i.e., 32 bits instead of 16 bits (it can access 232 allocation blocks rather than 216 allocation blocks available to HFS).
Sectors 0 and 1 of the volume are similar to the boot blocks as in an HFS volume and these are part of the HFS wrapper.
The Catalog File is just like a B-tree that keeps a record of all allocation blocks that are allocated to each file as extents. A file recorded in Catalog File is competent to record about 8 extents for each fork of a file. Files that are used to other extents are recorded in the Extent Overflow File.
The Attribute File can store three types of 4 KB records, that are not similar such as:
HFSX is compatible with different Operating Systems like Windows, macOS, and Unix-based Systems which support longer file names for the files and directories that use error detection and correction mechanisms which help in better data readability and integrity during read operations which ensures data safety.
However, they also lacked some advancements that included limited file system features like limited size and capacity which was insufficient for large files or storage requirements. Moreover, file systems like UDF (Universal Disk Format) became more prevalent over HFSX due to its better features.
HFSX was mostly used in optical storage devices such as CD-ROM and DVD-ROM. As you may know, the usage of optical storage devices has decreased significantly. Nowadays, almost all storage devices use flash storage with more advanced file systems like NTFS and HFS+, which are widely adopted for various storage devices. It's advisable to use more modern and widely supported file systems for storage and data management needs.
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